Rocks and orchids

The orchid is considered one of the “four gentlemen” plants, together with prunus (plum blossom), bamboo, and chrysanthemum. The theme of rocks and orchids was popular among many scholar-painters in Korea during the 1800s and the early 1900s because orchids growing amid rocks symbolized the quiet determination and tenacity of those who overcome difficulties in life. The delicate scent of orchids was also thought to parallel the modesty of learned people.

Kim experimented with daring compositions. His brush style is stronger and more assertive than that of earlier artists. Each panel is independent, with Kim’s inscription, signature, and seals appearing on each. The inscription on the first panel on the right reads:

The graceful orchid stands by the rock;
Against the soft breeze the long leaves sway gently.

It is signed Soho, Kim Eungwon (“Soho” was Kim’s pen name), and is followed by two seals reading Soho and Kim Eungwon, respectively.